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MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE |
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MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE |
Surface pressure: 6.36 mb at mean radius (variable from 4.0 to 8.7 mb depending on season)
[6.9 mb to 9 mb (Viking 1 Lander site)]
Surface density: ~0.020 kg/m3
Scale height: 11.1 km
Total mass of atmosphere: ~2.5 x 1016 kg
Average temperature: ~210 K (-63 C)
Diurnal temperature range: 184 K to 242 K (-89 to -31 C) (Viking 1 Lander site)
Wind speeds: 2-7 m/s (summer), 5-10 m/s (fall), 17-30 m/s (dust storm) (Viking Lander sites)
Mean molecular weight: 43.34 g/mole
Atmospheric composition (by volume):
Major: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - 95.32%; Nitrogen (N2) - 2.7%
Argon (Ar) - 1.6%; Oxygen (O2) - 0.13%; Carbon Monoxide (CO) - 0.08%
Minor (ppm): Water (H2O) - 210; Nitrogen Oxide (NO) - 100; Neon (Ne) - 2.5;
Hydrogen-Deuterium-Oxygen (HDO) - 0.85; Krypton (Kr) - 0.3; Xenon (Xe) - 0.08
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| SOURCE: http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html |
| Physical Properties of Martian Atmosphere in SI Units
(Viking 1 Lander site, daytime temperature) |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Altitude (meters) |
Temperature (K) |
Pressure (Pa) |
Density (kg/m3) |
| -7,000 | 249 | 1.31E+3 | 2.74E-2 |
| -6,000 | 248 | 1.20E+3 | 2.52E-2 |
| -5,000 | 247 | 1.10E+3 | 2.31E-2 |
| -4,000 | 246 | 1.00E+3 | 2.12E-2 |
| -3,000 | 245 | 9.16E+2 | 1.94E-2 |
| -2,000 | 244 | 8.37E+2 | 1.78E-2 |
| -1,000 | 243 | 7.65E+2 | 1.64E-2 |
| 0 | 242 | 6.99E+2 | 1.50E-2 |
| 1,000 | 241 | 6.39E+2 | 1.38E-2 |
| 2,000 | 240 | 5.84E+2 | 1.27E-2 |
| 3,000 | 239 | 5.34E+2 | 1.16E-2 |
| 4,000 | 238 | 4.88E+2 | 1.07E-2 |
| 5,000 | 237 | 4.46E+2 | 9.79E-3 |
| 6,000 | 236 | 4.07E+2 | 8.98E-3 |
| 7,000 | 234 | 3.72E+2 | 8.26E-3 |
| 8,000 | 232 | 3.40E+2 | 7.64E-3 |
| 9,000 | 230 | 3.11E+2 | 7.05E-3 |
| 10,000 | 228 | 2.84E+2 | 6.50E-3 |
| 15,000 | 216 | 1.81E+2 | 4.36E-3 |
| 20,000 | 205 | 1.16E+2 | 2.93E-3 |
| 25,000 | 194 | 7.37E+1 | 1.97E-3 |
| 30,000 | 183 | 4.70E+1 | 1.34E-3 |
| 40,000 | 161 | 1.91E+1 | 6.18E-4 |
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For h < 7,000 T = -31 - 0.000998 h p = 0.699 × e-0.00009 h
For h > 7,000 (to about 46 km) T = -23.4 - 0.00222 h p = 0.699 × e-0.00009 h
h = altitude (m), T = temperature (oC), p = pressure (kPa), | |||
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SOURCE: http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/atmosmrm.html | |||
= p / (0.1921 × (T + 273.15))